Abashinzwe imiti muri za kaminuza ninganda baganira kubizakorwa mumutwe umwaka utaha

Abahanga 6 bahanura ibinyabuzima bya chimie muri 2023

Abashinzwe imiti muri za kaminuza ninganda baganira kubizakorwa mumutwe umwaka utaha

Inguzanyo: Uzaba Ludwig / C & EN / Shutterstock

MAHER EL-KADY, UMUKOZI W'IKORANABUHANGA RY'IKORANABUHANGA, ENERGY NANOTECH, NA ELECTROCHEMIST, KAMINUZA YA CALIFORNIYA, LOS ANGELES

Inguzanyo: Tuyikesha Maher El-Kady

Ati: “Kugira ngo dukureho kwishingikiriza ku bicanwa biva mu kirere no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, inzira imwe rukumbi ni uguha amashanyarazi ibintu byose kuva mu ngo kugeza ku modoka.Mu myaka mike ishize, twabonye intambwe nini mu iterambere no gukora za bateri zikomeye ziteganijwe guhindura cyane uburyo tugenda kukazi no gusura inshuti nimiryango.Kugirango habeho impinduka zuzuye mumashanyarazi, haracyakenewe kurushaho kunozwa kwingufu zingufu, igihe cyo kwishyuza, umutekano, gutunganya, hamwe nigiciro kumasaha ya kilowatt.Umuntu arashobora kwitega ko ubushakashatsi bwa batiri buzagenda bwiyongera mu 2023 hamwe n’abahanga mu bya shimi n’ibikoresho abahanga bakorera hamwe kugira ngo bafashe gushyira imodoka nyinshi z’amashanyarazi mu muhanda. ”

KLAUS LACKNER, UMUYOBOZI, IKIGO CY'AMASOKO YA CARBON NEGATIVE, KAMINUZA YA LETA YA ARIZONA

Inguzanyo: Kaminuza ya Leta ya Arizona

“Guhera kuri COP27, [inama mpuzamahanga y’ibidukikije yabaye mu Gushyingo muri Egiputa], intego y’ikirere ya 1.5 ° C ntiyoroshye, ishimangira ko hagomba gukurwaho karubone.Kubwibyo, 2023 izabona iterambere mu buhanga bwo gufata ikirere.Zitanga uburyo bunini bwo gusohora imyuka mibi, ariko bihenze cyane gucunga imyanda ya karubone.Nyamara, gufata ikirere birashobora gutangira bito kandi bigakura mubare kuruta ubunini.Nka panneaux solaire, ibikoresho-bifata ikirere birashobora gukorwa cyane.Umusaruro rusange werekanye kugabanya ibiciro ukurikije amategeko yubunini.2023 irashobora gutanga iciyumviro c'ikoranabuhanga ryemewe rishobora kwifashisha igabanuka ry'ibiciro biri mu bicuruzwa rusange. ”

RALPH MARQUARDT, UMUKOZI W'ITANGAZAMAKURU RY'UMUKOZI, INGANDA ZA EVONIK

Inguzanyo: Inganda za Evonik

Ati: “Guhagarika imihindagurikire y’ikirere ni umurimo ukomeye.Irashobora gutsinda gusa niba dukoresheje ibikoresho bike cyane.Ubukungu nyabwo buzenguruka ni ngombwa kuri ibi.Uruganda rukora imiti muri ibi harimo ibikoresho bishya, inzira nshya, ninyongeramusaruro zifasha gutanga inzira yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bimaze gukoreshwa.Bituma imashini ikoreshwa neza ikora neza kandi igafasha gutunganya neza imiti ndetse no kurenza pyrolysis.Guhindura imyanda mubikoresho byingirakamaro bisaba ubuhanga buva mu nganda zikora imiti.Mubizunguruka nyabyo, imyanda irasubirwamo kandi igahinduka ibikoresho fatizo kubicuruzwa bishya.Ariko, tugomba kwihuta;udushya dukeneye ubu kugira ngo ubukungu buzenguruke mu bihe biri imbere. ”

SARAH E. O'CONNOR, UMUYOBOZI, ISHAMI RY'IBICURUZWA BISANZWE BIOSYNTHESIS, IKIGO CY'INGENZI CY'UBUKUNGU

Inguzanyo: Sebastian Reuter

"'-Omics' tekinike ikoreshwa mu kuvumbura ingirabuzima fatizo za bagiteri, ibihumyo, ibimera, n'ibindi binyabuzima bifashisha mu guhuza ibicuruzwa bisanzwe.Izi genes na enzymes birashobora gukoreshwa, akenshi bigahuzwa nuburyo bwimiti, kugirango bitezimbere ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije kuri molekile zitabarika.Ubu dushobora gukora '-omics' kuri selile imwe.Nteganya ko tuzareba uburyo transcriptomics-selile imwe na genomics ihindura umuvuduko dusangamo iyi genes na enzymes.Byongeye kandi, metabolomics selile imwe irashoboka ubu, bidufasha gupima ubunini bwimiti mungirangingo, bikaduha ishusho nyayo yerekana uko selile ikora nkuruganda rukora imiti. ”

RICHMOND SARPONG, CHEMIST ORGANIC, UNIVERSITY YA CALIFORNIYA, BERKELEY

Inguzanyo: Niki Stefanelli

Ati: "Gusobanukirwa neza ningorabahizi ya molekile kama, urugero nkuburyo bwo gutandukanya imiterere yimiterere nuburyo bworoshye bwa synthesis, bizakomeza kugaragara bivuye mubyateye imbere mumyigire yimashini, ibyo bikazatuma habaho kwihuta muburyo bwo gutezimbere no guhanura.Iterambere rizagaburira uburyo bushya bwo gutekereza kubijyanye no gutandukanya imiterere yimiti.Bumwe mu buryo bwo kubikora nukugirango uhindure impande zose za molekile nubundi ni uguhindura impinduka mumikorere ya molekile uhindura skeleti ya molekile.Kuberako ingirangingo za molekile kama zigizwe nubusabane bukomeye nka karubone-karubone, karubone-azote, hamwe na karuboni-ogisijeni, ndizera ko tuzabona ubwiyongere bwuburyo bwuburyo bwo gukora ubwo bwoko bwububiko, cyane cyane muri sisitemu idateganijwe.Iterambere mu isesengura rya Photoredox naryo rishobora kugira uruhare mu cyerekezo gishya mu gutunganya skelete. ”

ALISON WENDLANDT, CHEMIST ORGANIQUE, MASSACHUSETTS IKIGO CY'IKORANABUHANGA

Inguzanyo: Justin Knight

Ati: “Mu 2023, abahanga mu bya shimi bazakomeza gusunika cyane.Ndateganya ko hazakomeza kwiyongera uburyo bwo guhindura butanga atom-urwego rwukuri kimwe nibikoresho bishya byo kudoda macromolecules.Nkomeje gushishikarizwa no kwinjiza tekinoloji yahoze yegeranye mubikoresho bya chimie organic: ibikoresho bya biocatalytic, electrochemical, Photochemical, hamwe nibikoresho bya siyansi bihanitse bigenda byiyongera.Ndizera ko uburyo bwo gukoresha ibyo bikoresho buzarushaho gutera imbere, bikatuzanira chimie tutigeze dutekereza ko bishoboka. ”

Icyitonderwa: Ibisubizo byose byoherejwe hakoreshejwe imeri.